Thursday, October 31, 2019
Interview project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words
Interview project - Essay Example Discussed below are the answers given by the interviewee. The respondent stated that it is hard to say the particular industries that have been affected by globalization. This is explained by the desire of most industries to expand and offer their services to the whole world. According to the respondent, globalization affects everyone. The effects of globalization cannot be directed at a specific group of people. It is, however, the choice of an individual to decide whether he will let globalization affect him. To understand this, the interviewee stated that globalization has led to the adoption of a foreign culture, such as dressing and development in technology. It would, therefore, be up to a person if a person will adopt the changes. Most people, however, adopt the changes as they view it as a way to enhance their living. The interviewer explained that technology is the major contributor to the rise of globalization. Thanks to technology, the world can be said to be on the same platform. Development in communication technology such as phones, internet, and GPS satellites has fostered globalization as people now communicate with ease disregarding the location they are. The internet has also accelerated globalization from different nations throughout the world engage in communication. It helps in exchange of information from one person to another. A person in America can communicate with a person in Dubai easily. Such people can discuss business ideas that they can be involved in and in the end set it up, without having to travel all the time. Globalization has had both positive influences and according to the interviewee, which can be expected as we cannot only have positive effects. Some of the effects of globalization she discussed are improvement in living conditions of people, development of countries, an increase in the employment rate, and adoption of a foreign culture. In terms of employment and wages, globalization
Tuesday, October 29, 2019
Language Development in Infants and Toddlers Essay
Language Development in Infants and Toddlers - Essay Example Similarly, for toddlers you can do the same activity by teaching him complex adjectives like heavy and light, beautiful and ugly, wide and narrow, shallow and deep, by pointing out such objects for him and making utterances. For example, lift a heavy suitcase and utter, ââ¬Å"Ooooooh! How heavy it isâ⬠, and he will grasp the idea that big things are heavy. Morphemic Knowledge Morphemic knowledge teaches children the word structure (Otto). For infants, it is a very good activity for the parents to read stories to them at bedtime. My mother used to tell fairytales to my brother when he was an infant and he always seemed to respond with his goo-goo, and he would fall down to sleep very quickly. I remember that he had started talking much earlier than any of us siblings. A similar activity for toddlers can be hearing from the toddler at night how he passed his day. He would make a story of it and would also make mistakes, like saying, ââ¬Å"I drinked milkâ⬠, instead of ââ¬Å "I drank milkâ⬠, but the parent should repeat the corrected sentence instead of interrupting him, like saying, ââ¬Å"Oh really you drank milk!â⬠Doing so will teach him morphemic knowledge. References Otto, B. (2007). Literacy Development in Early Childhood. Reflective Teaching for Birth to Age Eight. USA: Pearson/Merrill Prentice Hall.
Sunday, October 27, 2019
Personal Plan Proposal | Leadership
Personal Plan Proposal | Leadership Personal development plan for a leadership would be to recognize areas for further development and encourage lifelong learning. It acts as a process of empowerment, self-assessment mentoring, continued renewal, role modeling, positive attributes, networking, and improvement on weaknesses. The proposed plan process describes how leader should lead by having the above mentioned skills to lead affectively. and support to help staff develop their capabilities. I would reinvent as nurse leader who is innovative by possessing the following abilities such as; self-assessment, empowerment, mentor, continued renewal, role modeling, positive attributes, networking and improvement on weaknesses (Bleich Kasiak, 2007). By having these trades will assist in support the staff to develop their capabilities and gain to be an efficient leader. I have never thought of myself as leader but I have been told that I possess the skills. The thought of being a leader sometimes alarms me because of all the stress, headache, which I have heard and seen managers or leaders complaining about their job is never ending. But to be a great leader one must develop these characteristics to lead others which are the followings; Empowerment, delegate and encourage staff members to take responsibility. Mentor, give staff advice, guide, train, coach. Role model, set positive example for others to follow, give advice to develop leadership. Net working, is to maintain a positive relationship with other managers or staff. Self-assessment, of the self as a leader which will help measure the progress overtime. Continued renewal, consider the concerns of staff members and patient care. Positive attribute, as a leader one must possess an important element which is compassion. Improve on weakness, such as time management, multitask (ex. I sometimes pick up where others leave off. Picking up the slack in the workplace). Show how a weakness can be turned into strength. I am happy to be a nurse and l like the way people responds to me when I tell them I am a nurse. Nurse empowerment as both individually and as a profession can be achieved. The fact that nursing has traditionally been thought of as a profession for only women but that has changed more men are nurses now than before (OGrady Mallock, 2003). The nursing profession has changed dramatically. There are so many opportunities for nurses now then before they can be political workers, publicists, journalists, speakers, researchers (Fitzgerald, T., 2000). Weve expanded into so many different avenues. Since I became a nurse has helped me to have the vital critical thinking and decision making skills in doing my patient cares. Studies have been done at national level in recent years have asked nurses what factors supported to their job satisfaction. In general the most important factors reviewed were research on each of the following factors contributed to job satisfaction are the, productivity, burnout, turnover rates, and, empowerment (Fletcher, 2001). Power is demonstrated as much by the attitude that one project as it is by the tasks that one perform. Some self analysis may be in order in terms of the attitude and image that you portray. It is import to act in professional manner but it is also important to look professional. Even dirty shoes and long acrylic nails can give the impression to others that we dont take ourselves very seriously in the regard. Power sometimes comes from others so it may be helpful to make connections. The truth is that sometimes who you know rather than what you know is important. Use the grapevine may or may not be accurate, so also do some investigation on your own. Make these connections for positive reasons and in a careful manner, such as to assist in your professional growth, rather than to win power or take power from someone else. Avoid confrontation, as it rarely helps anyone. Power without respect is hollow. We dont need to see o urselves as victims. We complain to each other about how bad our jobs are and how nursing is not what we thought it would e. It doesnt have to be that way. We can increase our involvement in our workplace whenever possible. We can continue to observe our environment, gather information and contribute whatever we c can to make improvements. We can be a visible presence in the workplace, networking with others and asking questions. We can continue to practice professional ways to communicate our thoughts and needs, but recognize when using power may not be in our best interests or may increase hostility. We owe it to those who will come after us in the nursing profession as well as to ourselves to make an effort to change the degree of authority and power that we have. We can do it? Self awareness is stated as knowing ones internal states, preference resources and intuitions. This is being conscious and being able to connect to our feelings and actions. By accepting and understanding our thoughts and interpretation processes, one will have a clearer picture of what we want to achieve. And this will undoubtedly help in making wise and sound decisions in a personal or professional relationship. Interview: FF is the nurse manager of renal clinic at hospital. She is an R.N. whose leadership position is unique because she also created the program she is in charge of. F.F. had a vision and used her leadership skills to see that vision become a reality. The renal clinic began because there was a need. One of the qualities in an effective leader is the ability to recognize a need and take action to make that need met. F.F. started her nursing career after graduating from west state university by working in various areas and units. While working in these capacities one Dr A.B. approached her on several occasions about the need to have a renal clinic for diabetic patients. These patients population was not being served locally. F.F. would agree with him saying yes, it would be nice to have a renal clinic, and that would be it. Then in that time F.F. needed to care for a sick family member. At the same time the hospital needed a manager and F.F. was filling in as an interim for the inpatient d epartment. This position had a very demanding schedule that included weekends, being on call, and rotating shifts. And the hospital was not recruiting for a manager and what was supposed to be an interim position now did not have a foreseeable end. With a sick family member at home, F.F. needed more flexibility in her work schedule. This was the turning point that spurned F.F. to take action to meet the needs that were before her. The answer to F.F. personal dilemma took the shape of creating a renal clinic. F.F. could see that working in this specialty would give her the family friendly schedule she desired. She took the initiative in making the renal clinic a reality. As it is mentioned in the article of Quantum leadership that those who are not born leaders can acquire the necessary skills, (OGrandy Mallock, 2003). I believe anyone can be a leader by motivation and applying the self to become a leader. As a leader I would like to have a vision of greater good and initiate actions to achieve that vision. In making decisions to attain goals, as a leader I would create change and make that change a past history. In a nurse leadership often times they use personal traits to be beneficially and ethically which will influence others through a process where clinical and organization outcomes are achieved through joint efforts. As a nurse leader I would unite in building a relationship to empower staff or others that would led toward achievement. I like all the other elements of a nurse leader I dont have a less preference. As a follower I would want a leader that has direction that can be trusted, have a vision and hope for the department or organization. The most valuable asset of a leader is honesty and trust. I want a leader that is honest with both his or her staff and the management. Another element that a leader must have is integrity. Once a leader compromises his or her integrity it is lost. That maybe the reason integrity is considered the most admirable trait. Leadership qualities are different for different position but one must be thinking for future scope of improvement, quality and quantity of in conducting business. The ideal leader must have a vision beyond what is here today know where the business is headed and be able to use that vision to move the department forward. I would help my peers to become better by being a great leader that my peers can look up to and depend on. As, a leader I need the ability to lead because there is a certain quality to manage a problem if my followers cant face the problems on their own. This leadership quality is extremely important because if the leaders do not possess some special ability, then there wont be anything that will distinguish him/her from his/her followers. As a leader I would motivate my team mates for good work and maintain healthy environment. And make my first priority is safety for the workers and see that they are not exploited by superiors. These are some of the many ways that I can lead and have followers. Reference Bleich Kasiak, 2007 Fitzgerald, T., (2000), Nurse appeal profession tries new tactics to woo next generation of nurses, posted date January 13, 2000. Retreived on November 13, 2009 from http://www.nurseweek.com/features/00-01/attract.html Ketle, J. L., RN. Factors Affecting Job Satisfaction in the Registered Nurse, University of North Carolina, charlotte, NC. Retreived on Novermber 23, 2009 from http://juns.nursing.arizona.edu/articles/Fall%202002/Kettle.htm#Abstract OGrady, P. Mallack, 2003. Quantum Leadership 2003, article for this course. Bradberry Greaves, 2003 Francis, F., RN. (2009). Indian Health Service Hospital/ACL, Personal interview in October 28, 2009. Fletcher, C. E. (2001, June). Hospital RNs job satisfactions and dissatisfactions. Journal of Nursing Administration, 31(6), 324-31.
Friday, October 25, 2019
Wuthering Heights ch 1-3 analysis Essay -- Emily Bronte
In Wuthering Heights by Emily Bronte, what first appears to be an overabundance of descriptions about a mansion in nineteenth century England easily turns into a myriad of sentiment, hatred, and love among the protagonists. The work can be classified as an unprecedented satire, using indirect actions of its characters to convey a forthright message regarding human misdeeds. The first few pages of the book presents two main characters, Mr. Heathcliff and Mr. Lockwood, where both serve an important role in intensifying the plot. They have nearly opposite personalities, as Heathcliff is a humble, reserved landlord while Lockwood is an arrogant, agitated fellow. It can also be inferred that through some of the actions Lockwood engages in that he represents an immoral figure that mankind should grow to despise, in a time where benevolent behavior and personality is highly valued. Consequently, this kind of behavior serves to condemn him in an irreverent way, as a plethora of contempt eag erly follows him nearly every place he travels to. The first three chapters of the novel mainly serves to romanticize the setting in which an atmosphere of imagination can be achieved amongst readers. It is important that such an effect be established, so that one can effortlessly picture the scenario in his or her mind, thus developing a greater appreciation for the novel. However, it is not simplicity that defines Wuthering Heights, but rather the incessant barrage of personal beliefs and prejudice scattered throughout the chapters. Evidently, expression is a ubiquitous language that the novel is written in, as nearly every page is arduously filled with emotion so palpable that it transports the reader to a state of actualization, where fiction ... ...sified as a satire, for some of the complex arguments presented within regarding human atrocities are too resounding to absorb. Yet all of this is accomplished via a clever combination of indirect characterization and vivid imagery, as both serve to tell its part of the story in an unprecedented way. Through dialogue alone, Bronte achieves the fact that Lockwood is an impudent person, only capable of making matters worse when a solution is critical. The picturesque imagery used throughout the first chapters is no less important. Only through vivid descriptions can the mood, plot, setting, and tone be conveyed effectively bringing readers ever more closer to the characters. In Wuthering Heights, Bronte uses a style of writing focused intensely on detail and indirect descriptions, creating a unique and dynamic atmosphere where the possibilities are simply limitless.
Thursday, October 24, 2019
De Beers Analysis
STRATEGY: INDUSTRY AND COMPETITION Problem Set 3 1. Throughout the 1990s, several developments contributed to the loss of market-share of the Central Selling Organization, which inevitably led to diminishing profits for De Beers. In 1991, the Soviet Union collapsed and this disintegration brought down the exclusivity that the CSO had enjoyed for so long. Indeed, the fall of communism made it difficult for the cartel to protect its trading agreements.As such, only limited shares of the Russian production reached the CSO, the rest being supplied to the competition by Alrosa (which became the worldwide dominant non-African producer) and other Russian enterprises. In 1996, as a consequence of the CSOââ¬â¢s reluctance to satisfy demand for very small stones, the Argyle mine in Australia (with a very distinctive rough production that De Beers had only a limited capacity to match), controlled by Rio Tinto ââ¬â a multinational mining company and one of their main upstream competitors ââ¬â became the first major producer to departure from its contract with De Beers.This disruption seriously compromised De Beersââ¬â¢ punishment capabilities through stockpiling. Additionally, in Canada, another major competitor arose (BHP). De Beers had a problem in these two markets. Unlike African countries, these are nations characterized by strong institutions, with a degree of bureaucratization and stability as well as cultural advancement that do not favor for the kind of ââ¬Å"easy bribesâ⬠that had allowed the company to control the quantities sold worldwide.However, even in Africa other obstacles appeared. While Angolan and West African output were being diverted to other channels, the concerns about conflict diamonds ââ¬â reaching their peak with outbursts in Angola through the 90s ââ¬â also damaged De Beersââ¬â¢ image and only made it more difficult for those diamonds to be sold through the CSO. Finally, pressure from some African governments (Bot swana and Namibia, for example) inadvertently or purposely created internal competitors.Thus, De Beers saw its monopolistic position seriously threatened and since it could no longer control the diamond flow to the market, it was forced to practice a price closer to that of a competitive market, which meant lower profits. 2. Besides the increasing competition that was subject to in the last decade of the 20th century, De Beers also had to concern itself with the possibility of new entrants in the very market where it had prospered.Due to the compliance with the Global Witness proposal against conflict diamonds, De Beers saw the noose tightening around its operations and as a consequence the threat of new entrants surged, with several groups expanding aggressively on the continent. Perhaps the biggest of those threats was the business group controlled by Leviev, the worldââ¬â¢s largest diamond cutter and polisher. One of his ideas was to integrate backward into marketing rough dia monds. Also, the pressures in Angola were putting in danger the marketing agreement the country had with the company.That agreement would eventually be terminated already in this century, being replaced with a single-channel marketing entity in which Leviev held a one-quarter interest. Obviously, these potential threats had a negative effect in De Beersââ¬â¢ profits, despite its strong Brand Image. 3. Traditionally, De Beers would buy the supply from other producers to control the market output. With the rise of competitors this became increasingly difficult. As alternatives to the cartel emerged, the bargaining power of suppliers grew. Argyleââ¬â¢s eventual withdrawal and Angolaââ¬â¢s termination of the exclusivity with De Beers are clear proof of this growing power.Governments began to pressure the company as well. South Africa aimed to have more gems cut locally and other nations such as Botswana and Namibia sought to increase the value captured with the activities perfo rmed within their borders. Of course, for the company to grant this it would have to see its percentage of value retention lowered. In a climate of an undeniable backdrop, this was yet another factor that contributed to decreasing diamond earnings. 4. Although an increase in competition means that buyers will have alternatives (higher bargaining power), this was still an area (of the five forces) where the market remained attractive.Competitors did not have the level of expertise or the established supply chain that characterized a company with more than a century of market knowledge. The most relevant fact to mention on the buyers side is the Japanese recession of 1998. De Beers suffered severely from this downturn, after obtaining almost a decade of expansion in various Asian markets. Still, buyers in this industry are not just final consumers, but intermediaries as well. With the rising competition and consequent declining credibility, De Beers could not control sightholders, for instance, with the same discipline and efficiency as before.Leviev (a sightholder himself) is the perfect example of this reality. Of course the less control the company exerts, the lower its returns are. 5. Regarding substitutes, the closest product would be synthetic diamonds. Yet, these diamonds remained exclusive to industrial applications (to compensate for the scarcity of the others for these functions) and so natural diamonds were still a unique luxury. In spite of the social issues brought up by conflict diamonds, the product was still protected from substitution throughout the 1990s.The marketing efforts of the previous efforts (mainly represented by the campaign ââ¬Å"Diamonds are foreverâ⬠) continued to provoke the desired effect. By establishing them as a symbol of lasting love, power and wealth, De Beers had assured that nothing could be compared to a diamond, which translated in a he amount of profits throughout that century. On this area, the main challenge for the company presented itself in the early 1990s in the Chinese market. Not only were these consumers traditionally focused on gold and jade, while unfamiliar with diamonds, but also ââ¬Å"whiteâ⬠color were thought to bring misfortune.This might seem trivial for a western consumer, but Chinese people were and are still today some of the most superstition nations on earth. The gold and jade products had certainly a negative effect on De Beersââ¬â¢ profits. Nevertheless, the company managed to overcome this paradigm by using Chinese beliefs to its advantage (the ââ¬Å"red threadâ⬠ad is a perfect showcase for this idea). This advertisement strategy was very successful and by 2000, retail sales had reached $731 million. Duarte Costa, # 1284
Wednesday, October 23, 2019
Online vs Traditional Education
There are options to those who chose to further their education, traditional and online education. Traditional educationà gives students the tools to succeed in a more competitive environment, while online educationà allows the student to learn at their own pace. Traditional education require students to be in classes on a schedule at a specify time and date. Online education gave students the convenience of accessing the classroom from the privacy of their home. Both type of education gives you the required degree to make progress in life.When people think of non-traditional they might think of unaccredited college or university, but thatââ¬â¢s not what non- traditional is. Online students are considered non-traditional students because they get to do work from the comforts of their homes. Online education and traditional education are different approaches to a higher education. Online college requires students to learn time management with their education. Students have a gr eater responsibility because they have to manage their time wisely. Most students that do online education do it because they have jobs or a family to take care of.They will have to organize they time between jobs, family, and school. Students that chose the traditional way of education have to be on campus according to schedule. Planning around class schedule will be first option for students on campus especially if they work or have a family. For the most part, they have the advantage of experiencing the opportunity to socialize and work in groups. Even though working in groups at times can be very frustrating because of a group member not doing they part of an assignment.If assignment is not complete as a group then the grade average for the assignment will suffer because of one student not doing their part. Online schooling can be good for young adults and mature adults in many ways. They have a more direct and focused method of learning because the class size is not as large as a traditional school class. Students are able to have a more flexible schedule, because it is the responsibility of them to set a schedule that will work out for them time. Online education gives students that are parents an opportunity to be roll out of bed and not worry about the way you look to get your class work done.With the absence of diversions for online students, they tend to be more focused on the lessons taught and complete the work they are expected to do. Without having to meet the pace of other students, online students are allowed to work at their own pace, which can make students more successful. Online degrees require the same college level work and time commitment as traditional education. Students are exposed to more people from different socio-economic backgrounds. This teaches students how to get along with one another regardless of race or differences; it also can provide a more complete educational experience.Traditional education students will have a more d iverse social group interaction, allowing them to get a better school experience. Attending Traditional school is also a enormous plus for students, because they are more open to gain more college scholarship opportunities than a online schooled student. By being a great sports player, band member, art student, or even entering in numerous contests such as writing funded by the government or even private spectators enhances their chances of being notice is much higher than a online student. Student still take exams, attend classes, and write papers with online education.With online learning there is no teacher to monitor the students, which the students are solely responsible for listening and learning in class. Traditional classes have the teacher/professor in class to teach them. Whether, a student chooses to attend classes in a traditional physical setting, the student will be assigned homework to complete. Online and traditional courses are expected to do a series of reading and writing assignments. Online and traditional classes have due dates for all assignments. If assignments not complete you get points taking from your score.That is why all assignments should be complete on time. Traditional and online classes will require a student to take exams. Exams are used to test studentââ¬â¢s retention and understanding of course material. These exams are giving from time to time on common intervals, such as weekly, monthly, or quarterly. All exams are checked by the teachers provided. All exams most be passed with a passing average in order to move on to the following course. If it happens that any exams are failed and class average is below passing average, student will have to repeat that course.Also, students may have the option to take exams online, or be required to visit the campus to complete the exam. Most likely when seeking help with an assignment, traditional and online classes provide teachers/professors that can clarify doubts, and have a disc ussion about a topic if needed. If any assignments are misunderstood the teacher/professor is also there to answer any question or worries students may have. In both the types of classes, students will have teachers available to help in any matte.Instructors make themselves available to students to help them learn the required material on a schedule. Also teachers/professors can be a very good amazing support system. Teachers/professors will be those to push you to strive for better academic work. Whenever any assistance is needed students have the advantage to get in contact with their teacher/professor. An alternative way to get in contact with your teacher is by e-mail or phone if it was provided. Through the years the means of getting an education has slowly changed. Many students today are deciding to do online schooling.Although most people think that traditional education is better, most statistics and facts tend to show that online education is beneficial in more ways. Stude nts will learn and get an education no matter what method they choose online or traditional education. Some may like a more competitive environment, and some may like a laid back environment. The option lies within them to choose what suits them best. With so many advantages and disadvantages between online and traditional education, the option lies within the student. Everyone is destined to be someone in life and it starts by getting an education.
Tuesday, October 22, 2019
Free sample - A sound mind in a sound body. translation missing
A sound mind in a sound body. A sound mind in a sound bodyHuman Resource Management. A contemporary world arena of business making continuously watches an incessant competition race among contestants. They pursue the goals of getting profits and taking a prevailing position in a particular business field. No doubt, each company focuses on reaching success which is hard to imagine without leadership. It is true to assume that the dominance in the world market place requires huge resources involvement. Thus, the shareholders having invested in the companyââ¬â¢s prosperity expect the ââ¬Ëharvestââ¬â¢ to be visible and tangible. So, in this connection we speak about the feedback that the investing participants are eager to see. Here it is relevant to consider the paramount importance of the companyââ¬â¢s human resource management (HRM), since it is the human resources (HR) that bring along the companyââ¬â¢s exuberance. The personnel being the integral parts of the whole profit making machine comprise the ââ¬Ëmotive forceââ¬â¢ that canââ¬â¢t be neg lected. In addition, the workforce is commonly quite varied, thus the HRM is supposed to apply a smart diverse managing program referring to and taking into account the employee-concerned factors. Such factors include race, gender, age issues. With the hindsight we may assert that the above mentioned aspects used to and still to some extent continue to be a sticking point on the way to individual recognition at workplace and field of activity. Hence the companyââ¬â¢s management policy resorts to certain regulations in leveling inequalities when evaluating the personnel potential and proficiency. So, in 1960ââ¬â¢ emerges the notion of ââ¬Ëaffirmative actionââ¬â¢ aimed at minimizing and eventually eliminating the prejudiced attitude to the employees for the recruitment process to be regardless of race, religion, origin, gender etc. Thereby, on the grounds of this idea special affirmative action programs (AAP) became to be developed to provide equalà opportunities for such groups as minorities, women, disabled people, veterans (Berkley Lab, 2010, Oct 26). However, why was such practice in human resource management perceived in different ways? Perhaps we should mind that each notion, idea, process in our world faces diverse opinions and there can be arguments both ââ¬Ëforââ¬â¢ and ââ¬Ëagainstââ¬â¢. The AAP enclosed into the managerial policy evoked a dual response as well. One of the points to say ââ¬ËNOââ¬â¢ is a financial side of the matter, since the program presupposes expenses. Not the least of the aspects appears to be a complicated and long-term cultivation of the non-discrimination-prone standpoint and attitude. Still letââ¬â¢s analyze whether the game is worth the candle. Should the companies be obsessed only with revenues and ignore the role of the individuals and their direct impact on the business development? Itââ¬â¢s a pure delusion to exploit human resources as soul-absent money-making mechanisms. As a matter of fact, the sound environment and fair non-biased approach to people is a substantially essential aspect of the companyââ¬â¢s well-being, since the staff in such conditions w ill demonstrate loyalty and effective productivity. Moreover, even today and in the future perspective the company is likely to gain respect and acknowledgement for the efforts to adhere and spread the idea of equality. Thus, the companyââ¬â¢s sound system ââ¬â ââ¬Ëbodyââ¬â¢ is sure to have a sound ââ¬Ëmindââ¬â¢ ââ¬â companyââ¬â¢s human resources. So, maybe that is the key to success. References Aclu position paper. Affirmative Action (2000) European Academy of Legal Theory. Brussels. Affirmative Action Program (2002-2003) Lawrence Berkley National Laboratory. Affirmative Action Program (2010, October 26)
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