Theoretical Framework Essay Example for Free

Theoretical Framework EssayThis chapter includes a review of related literatures and studies conducted by both local and foreign researchers, that the writer considers relevant to the study.Definitions of LeadershipBass (1981) accepted the view of lead as an interaction between members of a group. Leaders atomic number 18 agents of change, persons whose acts affect other people more than other peoples acts affect them. Kanter (1983) be leadership as the existence of people with power to recollect others and to set constraints. Misumi (1985) wrote Leadership is understood as the role behaviour of a specific group member, who, more than other members, exerts some kind of outstanding, lasting, and positive twist on fulfilling the groups functions of problem solving or goal achievement and group maintenance. Weiss (1986) pinpointed the concept of leadership as the top level executive and his dominant coalition of the organization which is invested with the power, status, and re sources to manipulate, interpret, and negotiate constraints and resources into policy.Kellerman (1984) defined leadership as the process by which one private consistently exerts more impact than others on the nature and direction of group activity. Gardner (1986) waffled at the end of his definition by attaching the last phrase leadership is the process of persuasion and example by which an individual induces a group to take action that is in accord with the leaders purposes. Sergiovanni (1989), an influential leadership scholar in education, defined leadership as the process of persuasion by which a leader induce followers to act in a manner that enhances the leaders purposes or shared purposes. two more recent books on leadership have been based on military leaders, and they promote the same understanding of leadership. Roberts (1989) considered leadership as the thing that wins the battles. Bailey (1988) an anthropologist, defined leadership as the act of controlling followers. Finally, Schatz (1986) summed up much of what this view of leadership represents Leadership is the total effect you have on people and events rough you.Leadership for Rost (1991) is an influence relationship among leaders andfollowers who intend real changes that reflect their mutual purposes. A leader does the right things (Bennis and Goldsmith, 1997). Doing the right things implies a goal, a direction, an objective, a vision, a dream, a path, a reach. Leading is about effectiveness. It is about what and why. It is about trust about people. Bennis and Goldsmith (1997), defined leadership as innovating and initiating. It looks at the horizon, not just the bottom line. Leaders base their vision, their appeal to others, and their integrity on reality, on the facts, on a careful estimate of the forces at play, and on the trends and contradictions. For Drucker (1996), leaders move people from selfish concerns to serving the common good. Leaders can refocus peoples energy with direct i nterventions or do so indirectly by adjusting the system so that people naturally gravitate toward what needs to be done.It will be hypothesized that the Indang II District primary(a) school principals leadership styles (Block 2) will affect school effectiveness (Block 3) at Indang II District, Division of Cavite. The mediating variables will be the elementary school principals leadership styles consisting of septette dimensions, namely a) idealized influence b) inspirational motivation c) intellectual stimulation d) individualized consideration e) contingent reward f) management by exception and g) Laissez-faire. The same dimensions will be discussed in the conceptual framework. The five indicators of school effectiveness will be the output variables. Each variable will be explained thoroughly as part of the related literature of this study on school effectiveness. The line connecting the mediating and the output variables show their relationship. This will imply that the Indan g II school principals leadership styles affect the effectiveness of the Indang II schools at Indang II District, Division of Cavite.HYPOTHESISOn the basis of the questions that will be proposed in this study, this hypothesis will be tested. There is no significant relationship between the principals leadership styles and school effectiveness in the elementary schools in Indang II District, Division of Cavite.

McDonalds Change Management Case Study

McDonalds Change Man shape upment Case StudyIn this report I will analyze the handling of a significant qualifying that occurred in McDonalds few years back, how the focus and other employees reacted to this agitate, how the defense was handled, what were the major factors that led this transport happen and to what extent the change was successful in achieving companys objectives.It is very significant for organizations to prepare themselves for the changes that they may have to face in raise to compete with the latest festering that is happening within and outside their environment. However these changes can stupefy many improvements and progress to that organization in certain aspects. For example it may be benefactorful for making the work easier it can open styluss for next existences and can likewise military service to gener on the wholey improve tribes life. Colin Carn entirely (2002)The primary purpose of my report is to provide insights nearly the change ch arge mental process in McDonalds that occurred of late and evaluate the outcome of applying it. Moreover to highlight any resistance associated with it and how it was overcome by the caution. subdivision 11.1 A Little about McDonaldsMcDonalds started its operations in 1954. As everybody is now familiar with the clown character which is Ronald McDonald, that has been designed as the trademark for the company. McDonalds restaurants offer a uniform menu to a large extent, including hamburgers, cheeseburgers, wimp sandwiches, French fries, salads, milk shakes, desserts and ice cream sundaes. The companys top sellers are the Big Mac, Quarter Pounder with cheese, the Fillet-o-Fish and Chicken McNuggets. The customer marking of McDonalds is usually children and young people.1.2 skeleton description of the recent change occurred in McDonaldsThough McDonalds has a reputable brand construe and a memorable history of previous achievements, yet instruction at McDonalds started feeling that the ripening population has developed different nutritional attitude and behaviours as they are extremely different from the population of the previous decades. They entangle a severe regard to redefine the meet of McDonalds and repositioning the brand in the minds of customers as people today are more than concern with their health and figures than ever before. Since last few years peoples perception about McDonalds nutrient has changed considerably, as they feel that it provides greasy food which is very high in fats and more expensive than its competitors, whereas the competitors have already made measures to reduce fats in their products and overly provide less expensive meals. Moreover McDonalds had to face a considerable spillage few years back as the consumers began to switch to its competitors, such as Burger King, Subway and KFC for the rationality that they offer fresher and high quality food at comparatively lower price with faster service. In coiffure to keep gaining the commercialise share and supporting its customers McDonalds had to respond to the changing behaviour of consumers. Furthermore, noticing that the obesity issue in the UK is getting serious and complex, McDonalds received a tolerant challenge to implement certain changes the soonest possible cartridge clip. Understanding the changing behaviour of its consumers and the health-conscious factor customary in the market, Management finally decided to implement a new integrated marketing communication plan as part of their marketing dodging that primary(prenominal)ly involved innovations in their advertising and promotional campaigns focussing on changing the customers perception for McDonalds food quality.1.3 Main Objectives in making this changeThe master(prenominal) objectives of McDonalds for adapting to the changing demand of its customers wereImplementation of co-ordinated Marketing Communication (IMC) plan as part of their marketing strategy.Providing a ba lanced diet and an active life- vogueOperating with freedom to adapt practices to local markets, and to share best practices internationally between restaurants, markets and countries, while holding on to a common brand indistinguishabilityInnovation in advertising and promotional campaignsTo be the customers favourite place and way to tireEffectively tackling the obesityAdopting a new health-conscious brand imageMeeting the latest trend of health awareness and the growing concern in obesity among the children and target marketIntroducing a new, separate low-fat menu for children changing the do chief(prenominal) image of McDonaldsMaintaining the traditional efficiency of fast food restaurant and provide comfortable environment to customers.2.1 Main Drivers of the changeLike most big companies, McDonalds engages with a variety of different stakeholders in the countries where it operates, as well as monitoring all pending political initiatives. McDonalds is a large multinational melody with many stores on high streets and in shopping centres across the coun analyse. As such, the company is affected by the external factors that impact all retail stemma in UK. The main drivers of this change are described as underEnvironmental ShiftsChanging social call for and market demands of customersIncreased awareness in people about health and food consumption and refugetyEmerging diet programs that encourages public to be figure consciousGrowing concern in obesity among target marketLatest trends of health awarenessTechnological ChangesInnovation by the competitorsDevelopments in technologyEconomic trends and developmentsMarket Competitionconsumer sanctionlocal environmentcompetitive pressure2.2 Explaining the have for change using appropriate frameworkAbove are the main derivers that created a need for changing the brand image of McDonalds over the last few years. downstairs I will explain in detail using models and frameworks as to how these drivers created th e need for this change which took place.2.2.1 PESTEL ANALYSISIn this section, I will explain the all the factors (drivers) of this change with the use of the Pestel Analysis that comprises of political, economic, social, technological, environmental and legal factors that combine to be the main reason for bringing a change in an organisation.(P)olitical factorsMcDonalds just like other organizations follow certain rules and regulations imposed by the government. For that reason they need to obey all the policies in establish to achieve their organizational goals. The UK government is very particular about health and safety of its people and have set somewhat standards to be met by every food chain in rule to keep the communication channel running so McDonalds had to bring this change of repositioning itself in its consumers minds so as to give them a demonstrable image of their food quality and price.(E)conomic factorsDue to the heavy slump in the economy, people have become o ft more price sensitive than ever before. Every single penny counts a lot now. because they want to spend for the quality food that matches their demand, in other words they want return of every single penny they pay and that return includes the quality and contentment. These changing economic trends in truth affected the gainfulness in terms of take to be for money and highly created a need for McDonalds to adapt itself to the changing market demand and standards.(S)ocial factorsSocial factors include the changing life style of people which has made them more health conscious and safety sensitive. In facial expression of food chain, demographics play an important role to affect the market conditions. Therefore, the age group which is the main target market for McDonalds is between 10-50yrs that includes children and young people who are truly becoming more aware of diet planning day by day receivable to the increased information available to them through various research pla nners and diet programs that encourage them to be figure conscious. This changing style of target market was a big challenge for McDonalds to keep itself running successfully that could only be achieved by adapting itself to the environmental change and delivering what customer actually demands from them.(T)echnological factorsAdvancement in technology has too such(prenominal) affected the mindset of people. As the technology evolves so does the human behaviour. With the use of internet and information technology, people have become more aware and active. They have got a quick access to all types of information, be it diet planning or education or environment or safety or any other issue. Developments in technology highly demands from businesses to evolve themselves as and when required by their consumers and same was the case with McDonalds.(E)nvironmentalEnvironment is a very vital part of every business. McDonalds faces a tough competition by its competitors including Subway, KF C and Burger King. Realizing that its competitors are evolving their business according to the changing life-style of customers, McDonalds was forced to take prompt decision in order to beat the competition and staying ahead of it.(L)egalLegal factors involved the safety regulations as set by the government for all food chains. These regulations are actually set keeping in mind the customers needs and are also monitored and improved on unvarying basis as per the changing lifestyle of consumers. Consumer protection is another factor that McDonalds is pass judgment to consider while doing business as part of the legal bindings.SECTION 33.1 Evaluating the process of change management by McDonaldsIn this section I am going to evaluate the effectiveness of the process of change management by McDonalds. Their main aim was to change the mindset of the consumers and creating positive perception and image of McDonalds in their minds. Here I will use ADKAR model of change management to ana lyze the effectiveness of the process adopted by the management of McDonalds to bring this change in place. This model comprises of five key goals including awareness, desire, knowledge, ability and strengthener. Below is the in depth analysis of the change management process of McDonalds.3.1.1 ADKAR MODEL OF CHANGE MANAGEMENTAwarenessAwareness helps the company to realise and feel the need for bringing certain change that is wherefore it is considered as a basic tool for innovation. In this case, when management felt that their sales started going down they well-tried to look for the reasons and found that the living style and needs of their target market has evolved. They realised that people have become too much health conscious, which is why they started to consider the fast food as unhealthy and greasy food. This gave them the awareness about the lifestyle of their target market and their changing demands.DesireDesire relates to the specialization of McDonalds to participat e and support the change. It is quite understood that every organization wants to excel in the market by making huge profits and customer satisfaction so does McDonalds. With the economic development there has been a great change in peoples living standard as they have become more concerned about their health issues. Realizing this, the management at McDonalds responded to the changing demands of its customers in a very supportive way, and was successful to handle the resistance by other cater members.KnowledgeIt was important for McDonalds to have knowledge of how to change itself in order to match with the changing market demand. Once it was aware of the changing behaviour of the target market and was ready to adopt a change, management focused on what they needed to do in order to retain and satisfy the customers in the massive run. The external factors including the competitors strengths and the changing consumers behaviour gave McDonalds, knowledge of what exactly to be done to make it stable and running.AbilityMcDonalds ability to implement the change can be analyzed by evaluating its goal and objectives. McDonalds goal was to implement Integrated marketing Campaign to adopt a new health-conscious image in the minds of customers. It focussed heavy on the advertising and promotional campaign of the company. The company decided to introduce a new low fat menu for children that would help them to overcome the growing bad publicity about McDonalds food for being rich in fat and to manage the obesity issue among children. Realizing the importance of consumers health, McDonalds introduced McKids Meals having both nutritional value and no fat thus making it different from the traditional McDonalds meals. Moreover the innovation in their Integrated Marketing Communication provided an effective advertising and public relations campaign to successfully introduce the new McDonalds to the public.Moreover they introduced McChicken Premiere and a zesty chicken to s atisfy customers desire for good quality products at affordable prices. To keep the children, it also started to give more choices with Happy Meal including no-sugar-add fruit drink that is a low fat drink and also McDonalds umber which appeals to adult. Furthermore McDonalds have responded in time to the changing healthy trend by adding salads and other lighter options in their menu.As children are one of the biggest consumers groups to McDonalds, wherefore they paid considerable attention to them. They tried to provide a huge variety for children including the happy land with happy meals with toys. They believe that if they make themselves best accommodate for children, they can attract the whole family too.Finally the foundation for all above innovations was the Integrated Marketing Communication through the use of attractive advertising and promotional activities which could promote these new products in the market and made people aware of these innovations. These promotions w ere the basic tool for creating a positive perception in consumers minds for McDonalds and gaining their trust back. Therefore McDonalds created its new image in the market by the use of new advertisements and new theme I love it even more.ReinforcementIt was not enough to bring the change or adapt to the changing environment but it highly demanded from McDonalds to retain the change in the long run. That is why reinforcement of practicing and retaining that change played a vital role as post implementation of that change. McDonalds is quite successful to reinforce its employees to continuously practice retain their changed positive image in consumers minds. This was successfully done through positive encouragement and other rewards for the employees.3.2 Resistance occurred in implementing this changeDifferent people react differently to a change in the organisation. However it is important to accept this reality that resistance is always there in any form which may be there before , during or after the implementation of the change. McDonalds had to face certain conflicts and resistances in the process of bringing this change. This resistance came both from customers and McDonalds employees. Some of the employees were in favour of implementing Integrated Marketing Communication whereas some were against it and same was the case of customers as some of them opposed the change whereas others liked it. Overall the company faced following main conflicts/resistanceDifferent assessments of the situationSome managers and employees opposed it because they had a fear of the company being going into a loss if this implementation would not help to produce a positive resoluteness. They were confused that this change may make the problem more complicated and could make bad impression of McDonalds in customers minds instead of improving it. Moreover they were quite uncertain about the capability of the team that was dedicated by McDonalds to bring the required IMC (Integr ated Marketing Communication) in place. They were remembering that the team may not be able to produce an effective quality due to lack of knowledge.Lack of communication and inadequate informationThe other resistance was related to the technological facilities being used by the McDonalds team. As employees thought that the systems that were used by the McDonalds team to implement IMC campaign might be downgraded due to the rapid advancement in the field of IT these days. Therefore they were very unsure whether the customers would have a positive reaction to their new campaign or not, which could result in not achieving the core objective of the change for McDonald as a whole.Low tolerance of changeAnother conflict among the managers was related to the get under ones skin of the team that was organized to help sustain the implementation of the changes. Some of the managers had a view that McDonalds may face a shortage of qualified workforce to keep up the capability of the marketi ng communication approach.Cultural differences among employeesAnother issue was the cultural differences among the staff that created some inner conflicts. Due to this the team may not cash in ones chips with proper co-ordination thus making the implementation of change be more complicated.Unwillingness to take riskAnother resistance came from the staff was due to unwillingness to take risk. They were quite doubtful about the reaction of customers after the implementation of this change.Psychological resistance involved with new working challengeManagement and employees were also resistant due to pressure of working with a new challenge and new environment.3.3 How McDonalds managed the Resistance to changeIt was really a crucial phase for McDonalds to implement these changes and overcoming the resistance by employees and customers. Management knew that their plan would only be successful if they would be able to handle this resistance successfully as they knew that achieving their organisational goals entirely depends upon the way any resistance to it is managed. They had to obtain the strong support in sustaining the success as bringing the change is something that has to be a continuous process that needs equally important post implementation attention as well. However comprehending the whole scenario, McDonalds tried its best to overcome the resistance by adopting following techniquesInvolving everyone in the process of changeFor McDonalds, the most important point to start with solving the resistance was to involve everyone in the change process so that everybody should undergo some learning experiences in order to understand and appreciate the objectives of that change. Management provided them complete information to let them understand the objectives in making this change so that they must(prenominal) realize and appreciate the importance of doing this and also let the employees feel that they are important in making this change successful. This help ed McDonalds in gaining the support from the staff and overcoming their resistance. personal interaction to gain trust of employeesThe management created an environment where they can have face-to-face interaction with all employees to develop strong interpersonal relationships and trust.Providing enough time to employeesIt was important for the management to let employees understand the changing environment and required changes to be made accordingly. For that employees need to have tacit knowledge which comes from observation and experience so management tried to provide space to employees to learn from their experience and observe the surroundings.Providing updated technology to facilitate knowledge managementAs the management was liable to implement this change so they decided to deteriorate all the negative responses related to the technology, by providing the customers, employees and staff their respective demands. For that they provided the staff with the technology that cou ld last much longer. Moreover they facilitated them with systems that guaranteed long lasting functions in order to assure them that the technology they will be using is quite compatible with the latest development in the world of IT.Education and CommunicationManagers tried to educate and inform people about the change effort so as to why it was needed and the expected outcome of that change which would be for the betterment of the company and employees as well. This helped the employees to realize the logic in the change effort. It also reduced any doubts in their minds about the negative effects of the change.Training and follow-up programs for the team involvedAs far as the conflict was raised regarding the deficiency of the talented team that was designed to work for the marketing communication, McDonalds decided to conduct special follow-up programs for the staff that was involved in the said changes, which would enable them to receive proper training and development required to implement the required changes.Developing a thriving organizational cultureTo overcome the inner conflict that was raised due to differences in culture, the management of McDonald developed a thriving organizational culture and a stronger organization by proper management of the staff, providing them what they actually deserved in order to trip them. They highly focussed on the proper handling of elements such as organizational design, compensation programs for employees, performance management and career path in order to motivate employees and create interest in them to word dedicatedly for the company and support them bringing this change. Furthermore, the human capital management of the McDonalds also incorporated a process to ensure equality among employees to make them feel an important part of the organization irrespective of their cultural differences. This helped them gaining employees loyalty and hard that not only helped the employees but also the organization.Overall McDonalds management was quite successful in handling the resistance and conflicts raised by employees and customers and they all participated and supported the implementation and helped McDonalds gain its positive image back.SECTION 44.1 Assessing the effectiveness of the Change in meeting its ObjectivesIt was very important for McDonalds to handle the conflicts and resistance carefully because it is something which leads to the success or failure of the change for being properly handled or by being neglected otherwise. Therefore management of McDonalds understood the importance of handling the resistance properly in order to make the change occur successfully. However McDonalds was quite successful in implementing the change effectively and was able to meet its following objectives shift key the attitude of childrenShifting the attitude of children about healthy fast food meals was not easy but through proper marketing communications and campaigns strong encouraging characteristic s, management was quite successful in doing it. As parents are the one who are responsible for eating patterns of their children so McDonalds aim was to encourage parents about their new better food plans for children and let them enjoy McDonalds more than ever before.Positive Image BuildingMcDonalds new image successfully created a place in minds of people as they could see the new advertisements of McDonalds at all types of media which let them associate with the brand in a more positive way than ever before. with the new advertisements and new theme of I love it even more McDonalds was successful inencouraging parents to let their children eat healthy meals. This helped them to achieve its main objective of positive image building.Creating a safe environmentMoreover the management was able to implement the change effectively by creating a safe environment for change that encouraged all employees to support and stay committed to the organizational efforts in bringing the change to meet its overall objectives. This helped them to overcome all the conflicts raised by employees and customers, before and during the implementation of these changes.Gaining organizational strength and competitivenessThis change also helped McDonalds to parent its overall organizational strength and competitiveness by gaining customer loyalty back and positive image building of the brand. People started associating themselves again with McDonalds and started encouraging their children to eat McDonalds which was the core element for bringing this change.Expand the business portfolioMoreover it also encouraged the management to strengthen and expand its business portfolio and survive to the tough competition in the market. By gaining its customers back, McDonalds started to earn more market share as compared to its competitors which led them to enter new market with same brand and expand the business to be childrens most favourite place to eat and entertain themselves.4.2 Assessing the need for any further changesAs people are getting very particular about their health so it is necessary for McDonalds to retain its good image in minds of customers and to maintain its food quality and standard along with the prices. They may need to focus on producing low fat products and should think of entertaining children in a lot more other ways as well just like the play section they already have. They need to keep a proper check on the services of its competitors so as to manage it accordingly. McDonalds must try to maintain its services in order to cope up with the changing social needs and market requirements. Furthermore management at McDonalds should be able to carefully plan such innovation and they must use effective strategic tools to implement such change in future as well, this would help them to achieve its vision of a food industry that provides a health-conscious sub-image which is consistent with the latest trend in health awareness today and for the future .Moreover the management leaders at McDonalds should always try to monitor what is working and not working in the process of the organization change in order to implement the change effectively. Such changes will help McDonalds to enhance its competitiveness and strength. Whenever the management observes the need of any further change, then that is the only time, they must impose required changes to be done in order to save the company to undergo any downturn again. It is recommended that McDonalds must see to it that any further changes are well planned and implemented carefully, because these will be the basis for the success or failure of the organization. McDonalds must continuously review, update and improve its products according to the changing environment in order to ensure and enhance its competitiveness.

Should Indonesia Redenomindate Its Currency?

Should Indonesia Redenomindate Its Currency?The monetary crisis that hit Southeast Asian Countries from July 1996 affected the development of the Indonesian economy. App arntly, the Indonesian economy was not able to face the global crisis engulfing the world. Indonesias economical crisis began with the weakening of the rupiah against the US dollar. On August 1st, 1997, the rupiah fell from 2,575 to 2,603 per dollar. In December 1997, the grade of the rupiah against the US dollar fell to 5,000 per dollar. Soon, in March 1998, the rupiah continued to weaken and reached the lowest point, 16,000 per dollar. Adam (2000) argues that it seems Indonesias economic crisis could not be separated from a alteration of conditions, namely (1) Indonesia foreign debt was very large. Although, the debt is not fully national debt, which means some parts argon private debt, just it had a great found on worsening the economic crisis . (2) Industrialization the New Order government wanted to make I ndonesia an industrialized country. The desire was not in accordance with true(predicate) conditions of Indonesian society, which was predominantly agrarian with a very low level of education. (3) The centralized administration of the New Order government meant that all(a) policies were determined from Jakarta. Therefore, the all-important(a) role of local governments only served as an extension of the central government.However, by the year of 2009 Indonesian economic development had become more stable than before. In fact, when near countries in the world experiencing negative economic growth, Indonesias gross domestic product growth rate reached 4.5 percent (Indonesian Central Statistic Agency, 2010). This put Indonesia as one of the three go around performing countries in economic terms the following year, in addition to China and India. Based on second Quarterly Indonesian Economic harvesting Report in 2010, Indonesias high economic growth, supported by increase of export s, investment recovery, and maintained the level of public consumption (Indonesia Central Statistic Agency, 2010).Based on the largest Indonesian online newspaper Kompas.com, in August 2010, due to economic growth and stability, the Central Bank of Indonesia planned to perform a redenomination of rupiah . Redenomination could be conducted in a situation in which macro-economic conditions, economic growth and inflation were stable and under control. Redenomination, in this case, means reducing digits (zeros) without reducing the value of those currencies. For example, the 1,000-rupiah bill would become 1 new rupiah in order to alter the denomination (floating) currency into smaller fragments. With this simplification simultaneously carried out also on the footings of goods, this process would not channelize peoples purchasing power (Ioana, 2005).Based on E. Borensztein and J.D. Gregorio (1999) research paper I can explained that in redenomination, the value of money for goods has not changed only the way of musical composition the reference and floating currencies are changed and adjusted. This is different from devaluation, where the value of money for goods became smaller, beca single-valued function it cuts the value of the goods . Devaluation done in the event of very high inflation and macroeconomic conditions are not healthy. Some examples of redenomination for one liter of petrol price currently at Rp. 4,500 per liter, if redenomination cut up to three digits (three zeros), then that must be remunerative about (new) Rp. 4.5 for 1 liter of petrol due to the price of one liter of petrol is also expressed the same in fractional units. age sanering, if there is sanering per thousand rupiah, then by Rp. 4.5 can only purchase 1/1000 or 0.001 liters of gasoline .The principal aim of currency redenomination is to simplify fractions and to make it more efficient and comfortable in transactions (Oluba, 2008). Besides that, currency redenomination could make economic disparity within regional countries looks more equal and could overcome criticisms like that from Fox News (2008) , which claimed that Indonesias currency was among the worlds worst ten.Therefore, this paper bequeath argue that Indonesia should redenominate its currency because of its positive repair on society and its economic influences within the region.Economic Impact of RedenominationRedenomination might have a direct impact on the Indonesian economy. Mas (1995, p. 487) shows that during the transition period, redenomination is a very expensive and period consuming practice. Mas goes on to say that, at first, redenomination increases transaction time. However, despite the claims of like Mas who argue that, during the transition period, redenomination increases transaction time, Ahmad Bello (2007, p. 10) points out that in the accounting field, management will spent less time in evaluating and digitalizing financial data. moreover, while indeed it is possible that r edenomination may cause changing prices in labels,menusand catalogs,, technical and operational problems arising from the use of figures with multiple zeros could soon be settled. This could help in developing the custom of using coins. Third, it is undeniable that changing the currency denomination may also read change the balance sheets and accounting records. On the separate hand, by using minimum number of zeros it would possibly be advantageous for businesses, as it would make things easier in terms of financial data input and reporting financial information and also business transaction process ( Ahmad Bello, 2007, p. 11).However, Mas (1995, p. 487) mentions that currency redenomination has no direct impact on the economy or has little economic significance. The reason for this is that, as long as the value of the currency remains absolutely constant, and the ability to deprave remains the same, the demand and supply services will not change means that there is no impact on macro and micro economic aspect net investment, government spending, balance of payments and net exports will only suffer very little impact and on household consumption level, the inconsistency between pre and post redenomination currency will not be clearly seen as there is only minor psychological problems in related with customs. (Mosley, 2002 Zabuliene, 2005 Ncube, 2007 curb Capital Limited, 2007)Psychological Effect on RedenominationPsychological worries may occur to Indonesian people that the currency may go back to multiple zeros subsequently redenomination due to inflation. This is suggested by evidence that lower income levels psychologically suffer most of the effects of redenomination (Simge Tarhan, 2006). Evidence for this is that redenomination may generates artificial inflation in low price goods which the poor often buys. (Ahmad Bello, 2007, p. 14) . For example, in Nigeria, a N163 commodity in the present Naira becoming N1.63 may suddenly be charged at new N2 if the coins which would bespeak to be used for the new transactions are not well-accepted, as it appears to be the case with the coins currently in circulation. However, Ahmad Bello (2007, p.6) believes that the psychological effect, which creates a sense of individuality, is the most common reasons for a country engaging in currency redenomination. Similarly, Cohen (2004) posits that a national currency not only facilitates economic transactions but affects citizens identity and subsequently the legitimacy of the national government .Lost of Value after RedenominationLayna Mosley (2005, p. 10) mentioned that there were concerns about people starting to view their currencies as diminished in value, both economically and symbolically. Data to support this is that, Aluko (2007) provides list of many African and non-African countries whose citizens almost lost confidence in their currencies. According to him, as at July 2007, a US dollar ($1) turns 9270 cedi in Ghana, 9426 rupiah in Indonesia, 9861 franc/ariari in Madagascar, 10184 kip in Lao and 15921 dong in Vietnam. However, it has been argued that most common objective of redenomination is to ensure believability (Layna Mosley, 2005, p. 6). Furthermore, certain governments adopt redenomination strategies in order to improve their monetary sovereignty and control tendency for currency substitution. On the grounds that, transition to single-digit inflation could recompense the credibility of currency. In fact, research shows that enhanced credibility can improve government electoral fortunes, as citizens reward economic growth and macroeconomic field of honor (Armijo, 1996 Stokes, 2002 in Mosley, 2005) and it can improve a governments treatment as a borrower, as a location for private investment, and as a defender of an exchange rate in the eyes of global capital markets (Leblang, 2002 Jensen, 2005).Redenomination As A Solution StrategyMosley (2005, p.1) argues that a few countries with high inflation level do not consider currency redenomination as a strategy. Indeed, some countries are very cautious about redenomination (Ishiekwene, 2007). For example, since the beginning year of 1997, South Koreas won has go to 932 to a dollar , Hungarys forint is 216, and Japans yen is 117, yet these countries put aside redenomination as their solution (Araki, 2001 Mosley, 2005). If there is going to be high inflation in the future, this redenomination class will only be an extra cost to the economy. However, currency redenomination is usually done when countries are experiencing hyper-inflationary pressures which have the effect of making its local currency unattractive (Ahmad Bello, 2007, p. 1). Simge Tarhan (2006) provides a clear case of hyper-inflation in Turkey where a bottle of drinking water cost 300,000 TL, a movie ticket 7,500,000 TL, Toyota Corolla 32,900,000,000 TL (32 billion), and GDP in 2002 273,463,167,795,000,000 TL (273 quadrillion) before the old Lira was redenominated by rem oving six zeros. Aluko (2007) cites the example of Zimbabwe that experienced years of inflation that hit 1200% a year. Determination in bringing inflation down to single digits permanently could be better comprehended. In some cases, if the timing was correct, redenomination could cap off high levels of inflation.Redenomination As A Solution MechanismIgnacio Mas (1995) states that currency redenomination has been used as a solution mechanism throughout history. The reason for this is that redenomination often occurs after economic crises, as governments undertake to convince citizens and markets that hyperinflation is a thing of the historic (Mosley, 2005, p. 1). According to Ishiekwene (2007), historical evidence suggests that redenomination had been very successful in an environment of macroeconomic stability, declining inflation, stable exchange rates, fiscal restraint and direction and rational expectations of policy credibility.ConclusionOverall, I would recommend that Indon esia should redenominate its currency, since redenomination generates little impact on both macro and micro economic. In addition, redenomination affects rupiah expression looks more attractive which increases citizens pride and confidence for their national identity, whereas, it could also influences the legitimacy of the national government. Furthermore, based on historical evidence, redenomination is very common strategy in the past to overcome hyperinflation and also to increase the credibility of currency in a stable macro and micro economic, declining inflation, exchange rates, fiscal restraint and prudence conditions. When the timing is perfect, redenomination could cap off low level value currency to reach its dignity.Winstons Relationship With Julia 1984Winstons Relationship With Julia 1984George Orwells Nineteen Eighty-Four explores the alliance between Winston and Julia. Orwell does this by emotionally enlightening the audience of Winstons day to day life of jockey, pa in, hurt and accomplishment. Winston and Julia share a secret consanguinity that eventually contributes to Winstons tragic destine of at last being alone and engaging long Brother. Whilst Winston was being tortured in The Ministry Of Love he painfully overcame his hate towards colossal Brother and was brainwashed into loving Big Brother like the rest of the citizens of Airstrip one. This, therefore, means nobody can disapprove Big Brothers horrific behaviour laws. However there are other factors that contribute to his downfall. Winston tries on many different occasions to reclaim past memories this involves keeping an illegal diary, which is later used against him in fashion 101. The stark rules and regulations that govern the citizens lives enforced by Big Brother contributed to Winstons fate. Without such strict rules Winston and Julias race would not have been forbidden and there would be no exact for them to sneak around, and eventually be caught and punished. Winston also rents a room in the parole area of town with Julia, which they believe is a safe and private place, but blatantly find out they arent in solitude, their every move was being documented. With the strict regulations prohibiting relationships both Julia and Winston find themselves thrown into the Ministry of Love where Winston is tortured and goes insane. These actions are factors that star topology to Winstons fate, however it is ultimately his relationship with Julia that is trustworthy for his tragic fate.Winstons relationship with Julia can be seen as the ultimate reason for his fate. Although the strict rules enforced frustrated Winston, he didnt learn to adapt well to the rules, therefore his uncontrollable actions of continuing to see Julia ultimately lead to his tragic fate. Winston and Julia build up a very trustworthy secret relationship, after she gives him a note that reads I love you, which they both new was extremely illegal. Whilst their affair was blooming Winsto ns ulcer stopped being inflame and his health improved dramatically, opposite to when he was in the Ministry Of Love. This shows that when he was taken away from his lover his tragic fate started to form. They continued seeing each other for a long period of time and proceeded in renting a room to have private sexual intercourse. Julia and Winstons relationship is very organized and secret.Winstons relationship with Julia is one of the main reasons that lead to Winstons fate. If Winston had never broken the rules and met or read Julias note it is arguable that he could still hate and not respect Big Brother. Instead after coming out of being tortured in room 101 his views and beliefs change dramatically about Big Brother, he believes that Big Brother is god and is mesmerized to believe whatever Big Brother implies is correct. Winston and Julia rent a room in the parole area of town. They believe it is a very private room because it has no visible telescreens, however they were wron g. They got caught and where punished and separated in The Ministry of Love whilst being tortured. This lead to Winstons fate in room 101 where OBrien horrifically tortured him with his very own words from his diary. As a result of pursuing a relationship with Julia, he was being forced to love and respect Big Brother and his choices, his feelings for Julia decreased. OBrien used Winstons diary entries against him along with torturing Winston with Rats, this lead Winston to choose life over Julia there was just one individual to whom he could transfer his punishment. One body who he could thrust between himself and the rats. He was shouting frantically over and over. Do it to Julia. Do it to Julia, not to me. I dont care what you do to her. Rip her face off. Strip her to the bone. Not to me Julia not me This positions the readers to feel sorry for Winston and shows the readers that enough torturing and your beliefs and relationships quickly change and crumble drastically. Furthermo re whilst Winston was in the Ministry of Love he became very weak and physically ill, he got extremely sick and could hardly move and didnt eat.Winston is obsessed with reclaiming past memories. This obsession contributed to Winstons fate because of his blatant disregard for the rules, as it is illegal to reclaim past memoires. He cannot accept that the past is gone and is being changed right in front of him. Winston buys a diary from Mr. Charingtons shop. The diary helps him remember his day to day activates and own individual history and language, however he address each diary entire to OBrien, because he feels they are friends and he can trust him. OBrien later uses Winstons diary against him in the Ministry Of Love. Not only did Winston lose his relationship with Julia he also lost his relationship with OBrien, as he betrayed Winston. OBrien reads and re -reads phrases Winston had written in his diary using them against him, forcing happy memoires never to be remembered again Hi s soul, white as snow. OBrien also strategically tortures Winston with rats, because Winston had mentioned in his diary that his greatest fear of all was rats. Which lead to Winston losing his mind and lead to his disastrous fate. The diary allowed OBrien to know what would really hurt Winston and therefore increased the intensity of his torture, and contributed to his mental and physical state. However these rules were reality and Winstons stubbornness of not accepting them and having a relationship with Julia led to his fate.Overall George Orwells Nineteen Eighty-Four explores the relationship between Winston and Julia and demonstrates that not only does Julia and Winstons secret relationship contribute to his tragic fate, but in some way Winston brought it upon himself by refusing to let go of past memories and refusing to accept the strict rules which govern his life. Winstons actions as a result of this refusal such as buying the dairy and renting the room lead to his demise. A fter he was caught having a secret relationship and his diary was used against him as a form of personal torture. However ultimately it is this secret relationship shared with Julia that is responsible for his fate of going insane and becoming mentally sick but most of all He had won the victory over himself. He love big brother. Winston fate ended up being mesmerised by Big Brother just like everybody else in Airstrip one all because of Julia.

The main functions of an operating system

The main functions of an run remainsThe Main Functions Of An run(a) System here I am going to explain the main functions of an operating(a)(a) frameProcessor managementThe operating system must assign enough cycles to to each one process to take on the job done and must give each process enough time with the CPU to function properly. (CANT MAKE IT NOT vigorous LIKE THE FUCKING SITE STUPID EFFICIENT SITE)On a single tasking system it only when needs to pause to deal with user input and certain(p) interrupts. On a multitasking system the system must priorities each process switching between them thousands of time per second in order for it to give the demeanor that things be happening at once. On multi-core and multi-processing systems, processes on each core may be running at the same time as the other(a) core but each processor core derriere only hanlde one task at a time. http// reckoner.howstuffworks.com/operating-system5.htmMemory management and storage.The operating system must excessively ensure that memory doesnt clash with other memory and that each process is given enough memory to execute. For this to happen the operating system must assign memory boubndaries for types of software and individual applications. Applications are loaded into memory in block of a certain size assigned by the operating system. Every process impart be given a multiple of that number in size so that memory impart not overlap if on that point it is micalculated bit.Tthe operating system must make sure that all the different type of memory are utilise in an in force(p) way. This includes ROM, lumber, cache memory, virtual memory and hardisk space.For instance when RAM is full some of the processes not being used can be saved onto the hardisks and recalled when it is needed. It can clutches procceses that are used frequently into high speed cache memory so that it can be retrieved quick rather than being read from RAM evertime.Device management This is the m anagement of all the input and output devices such as keyboards and printers. For instance if there is to untold data coming in from the keyboard for the central processor to handle the operating system can instruct a buffer to keep taking information but to stop sending it to the cpu. DO I NEED TO EXPLAIN WHAT DRIVERS ARE?User interface There are many difference type of user interface but all do the same task which is to be the translator between appliance edict and the user. It allows for the user to communicate with the machine and for the machine to output the effects of the users actions.Main types of Operating SystemA comparison of the four main types of operating system. The Personal computer, Network Computer, Mainframe and Mobile Phone/PDA.Main DifferencesA mainframe is intentional to input process, move around and ouput large amounts of date fast and efficeintly. It is the most reliable, stable, and secure of all. Looks wise sort of large (get better description)A P DA is designed to be small. They use simpler instructions which take up less memory are therefrom more limited to the sort of thing they can do and run.Network is like a PC but It uses less storage, less memory and does less processing. It is a little like a computer which largely deals with input and output the rest is done elsewhere on a server.A PC is gerneral purpose meaning can do a coarse range of different tasks.User interfaceMainframes didnt used to hurt user interfaces only accepting input via punch cards and tapes etc. Now they obligate graphical user interface like the others.All use GUi but recent phones/PDAs come with touchscreen which is an interactive from of GUI ehich accepts input.Users can access a mainframe every by a computer terminal but theser days most can go online via a face-to-face computer and acces the mainframe via a personal computer.device managementThe mainframe use many subsidury computers to hanlde I/O devices. unlike the other 3 who devices touch directly to the main unit.You can connect a wide range of devices to a PC or communicate computer such as printers and scanners unlike the PDA where you are limited to headphones usb and quondam(prenominal) a keyboard. You cannot add more and detract from like you can with a PC which uses special drivers to be able to communicate with the operating system.Memory terminal ManagementA Mainframe can have multiple hardrives therefore gillyflower extremly high volumes of data unlike a pc which usually only has one. PDAs on the other hand do not have a hardisk but use rom to store the operating system and pre-installed programs such as the claender and phonebook. If you add programs these are stored in RAM. You do not loose this data when the phone is turned of because the phone is run on batteries which still have a small bit of power left in them when the phone is turned off. Network computers also often dont have a hardisk using the network to store and access data and run programs.Processor Managementpcs pdas and network computers are all single user operating systems unlike mainframes which use multi user operating systems.Unlike PDAs and network computers mainframes can run multiple operating systems. modern pcs can also do this in the way of a virtual machine but not to the extent and sophistication of a mainframe. Unlike the other three mainframes use multiple processors and can share their workload between them. Whereas network computers are able to use the the server for some of their processing.change sophistication so it isnt copyingUnlike the others mainframes use single tasking operating systemsWell cognise Operating SystemsA Comparison between MS Windows, MS-Dos, Linux and Mac-OS.MS-DOS entryway to MS-DOSMS DOS Stands for Microsoft Disk Operating System. IBM released the first ever personal computer in 1982 which came with MS-DOS. MS-DOS is a re-named version of Q-DOS (Quick and Dirty Operating System) which was owned by Seattle computer Products at the time. Soon after the release of MS-DOS Microsoft bought the licensing rights from Seattle computers. MS-DOS was then Liscenced by around 50 companies in 1982 and was used on most personal computers throughout the 1980s.Like windows and Mac, MS-DOS was closed source. Closed source intend that you are unable to see the source therefore unable to change or make any additions to the operating system via the source code. Therefore the only person who would be able to provide updates or newer versions would have been Microsoft themselves.ArchitectureIt uses a command line interface rather than the modern Graphical User Interface (GUI) that we see on personal computers now. This means that they were not yet user friendly. For this reason MS-DOS would have been used by skilled workers rather than the general public for personal use. MS-DOS was a Single Tasking operating system and with the lack of GUI was suited and used for jobs such asfile management, simple networking and batch processing. Single tasking also means that it would run more efficiently i.e. quicker for certain tasks MS-DOS memory management would have differed to that of more recent computers as there would have been no high speed cache memory or virtual memory and there would have been no need for this on a single tasking system. Because MS-DOS is this basic it does not take up as much storage space and doesnt use as much RAM to run.Where MS-DOS is now MS-DOS was gradually replaced by MS Windows with the invention of GUI and windowsAPI (Application Programming Iinterface.) It was eventually lay off in 2000. MS-DOS is now used as a standalone product but is now used for bootstrapping and troubleshooting.MS WindowsIntroduction to MS-WINDOWS Microsoft windows was developed by Microsoft following on from MS-DOS. The first version of MS-Windows realeased in 1985 was not a complete operating system. It was an extension of MS-DOS which provided a graphical user interface. MS-Windows is universal meaing it runs on most computer platforms such as personal computers, workstations, mobile phones/pdas, tablet pcs, laptops, media centers, and embedded systems. MS Windows is the most used of current operating systems and can be found in schools, offices and homes across the country. Windows version 2.1 was the first to be given the talent to do such thing as multi tasking. The amount and efficiency of which has been improving ever since.after Versions of windows no longer had MS-DOS underlying and became a modern operating system rather than being considered just the GUI.Liscencing and cost Unlike Linux, Microsoft usually comes pre-installed and is a richly licensed product. This can be a good thing as you have full technical support when things go wrong but are however restricted to one machine per licence. Windows can cost alot less than mac to purchase however some people argue that cost of maintenance for a windows operating systems makes up for this. Windows is s aid to be less stable due its software components being connected. bailAs windows is the most used operating system taking up (90 somehing) percent of the market it is more susceptible to hacking and is therefore less secure than mac and linux. It also means there there is a considerableer range of 3rd party software for windows.Architecture Like MS-DOS, Windows is closed source so there is less flexibility in what you can change therefore the GUI is less configurable than linux. However for the same reason it is alot more user friendly. Windows is backwards compatible meaning that softeware made for senior versions of windows can also run on newer versions. Windows like most modern operating systems is multi tasking and multi processing meaning it can give the appearance of doing many things at once. This can have its disadvantages in such areas as speed. Even though windows no longer has MS-DOS underlying you are able to bring up the DOS-prompt which has a limited capability unl ike Linux where you can run the intact thing in the commandline layer. With all the advancesof windows can now take up to1gb of space as apposed to the low storage that MS-DOS would have taken up.LINUXIntroduction to Linux In 1984 Richard Stallman made a free version of unix which he called wildebeest. Shortly after he wrote the GNU GPL (general public liscence) . His aim was to make software that was freely available to general public. In 1994 Linus Torvalds released Linux kernel which could be integrated with the GNU system to create a completely free operating system. The name linux is linuss name combined with Minix which is a simplified version of unix he had based his kernel on. Excerpt from Unix System Security Tools by Seth T. Ross do i use the excert bit or the internet site?Licenscing and toll The main difference between Linux the other 3 operating systems is that it is open source and is licenced under the GNU GPL which means it is free and that any one can view it edi t it and redistribute it as long as it complies with the GNU GPL Licence. As Linux is not a corporate product and is in many different states/versions it does not have the support that you would get with mac and windows and also doesnt often come pre-installed. It does however have many forums and tech based help on the internet.Architecture The advantages of its open source code is that it is free and also if you are very knowledgeable of programing you can control to the highest degree everything about the operating system making it a great choice if you want to manipulate it for specific tasks. Unfortunately this detracts from the user friendliness . This problem has been tackled by a failry new version called abuntu meaning () although not quite the userfreindliness that mac and windows demonstrate.This being said Linuxs main user group would be people of a very computer knowleagable background mosrt commonly nicknamed compuer nerds. Like Windows linux can be run on a wide ran ge of systems including persoonal computers, desktops, mobile phones/pdassupercomputers, laptops and is welll know fo its use on servers. Security Secuity wise Linux is considered to be the more secure than windows as it is based on Unix (an operating system considered to be very secure) but as stated by John Lettice at http//www.theregister.co.uk/2004/10/22/linux_v_windows_security/ theres also a reasonable amount of support for the view that Linux would get just as many security issues if it had anything like Windows user base.MacOSIntroduction Mac OS was created by Apple. Mac OS was designed for apple macintosh computers and only runs on Apple hardware. Mac OS does not have a command line interface at all and unlike windows deleting a file will not break the entire system. (ASK BEN IS THIS TRUE?) For this and other reasons it is much more user friendly but anyone wanting to explore or troubleshoot will not be able to. All you see is the GUI so it is therefor the least flexible in its ablity for customization and control over how it works. This is Like windows mac is closed source and has full technical supportCost Originally I thought that mac was the more expensive of the four but according to Jon Henshaw, M.A. at http//www.familyresource.com/lifestyles/ engine room/buying-a-home-computer-mac-vs-windows Windows and Mac computers are now almost equal in cost. Whereas you can buy a Windows based PC for less than $500, you will not get the multimedia hardware and software that you will want and need. In fact, to do so would cost equal or more to the cost of a Mac. You also have to consider that there will be less maintenance costs than that of windows.UISecurity Mac is considered more secure than windows which is partly down to it being based on unix but is also as i said previously because windows is more widely used. It is also considered to be more stable which again couldbe down to it being based on unix. According to Jon Henshaw, M.A. at http//www.fami lyresource.com/lifestyles/technology/buying-a-home-computer-mac-vs-windows mac doesnt marry its software components together like windows does so when something goes wrong it doesnt all follow suit meaning the whole thing is less likely to crash like windows can often do.45Type of use/Who uses it? Mac OS is not as widely used as windows and therefore has a smaller amount of software that will run on it. According to http//www.buzzle.com/authors.asp?author=15890Manali Oak at buzzle.com While Windows focuses on office function, Macintosh is focused on graphics and multimedia functions. (http//www.buzzle.com/articles/difference-between-windows-and-macintosh.htmlhttp//www.buzzle.com/articles/difference-between-windows-and-macintosh.html) This would imply that people who use macs are genraly people who have jobs where they have to use alot of multimedia. final stage If I was going to recommend an OS for someone who is new to computers and didnt want to know anything about whats going on in the background I would educe the Mac because of its userfreindly design and also if they mainly iused computers for photos music and videos. I would suggest windows tto someone who wants a large amount of software options and games and who likes to have some ability probe further than (cant finnish the fucking sentence) For those who enjoy or need a completely customisable operating system. If they were not already knowledgeable in programming/command line they would also have to be willing to take on the learning curve. Overal I feel the Mac will be the operating system of the future assuming that there is a larger software base and that it becomes more affordable. 100 ALSO WRITE ABOUT WINDOWS AND LINUX BEIGN THE CHEAPER OPTION IF mackintosh IS TO EXPENSIVE?1.1 Referenceshttp//computer.howstuffworks.com/operating-system7.htm (MAKE SURE IF U HAVE TO ADD ALL THE PAGES U DO)http//www.foogazi.com/2006/12/19/5-advantages-of-using-linux-over-windows/http//www.theregister.co.uk/2004/1 0/22/linux_v_windows_security/http//www.albion.com/security/intro-2.htmlhttp//www.computerhope.com/os.htm03http//www.buzzle.com/articles/difference-between-windows-and-macintosh.htmlhttp//www.operating-system.org/betriebssystem/_english/bs-windows.htmhttp//www.operating-system.org/betriebssystem/_english/bs-msdos.htmhttp//www.applematters.com/article/mac_v_windows_no_real_difference/http//www.macvswindows.com/index.php?title=MacvsWindows_Comparisonshttp//www.familyresource.com/lifestyles/technology/buying-a-home-computer-mac-vs-windows1.2 Glossary1.2.1 Proprietary

How to Achieve World Domination :: Process Essays Dominating Essays

How to Achieve World DominationAre you tired of the grind? Do you long for easier old age? Do you grow weary of lesser people who conduct struggled to the top and are now telling you what to do? Are you out of high school or soon leave behind be? Are you mad all the time? If you answered yes to these questions you may be ready to embark on the job of a lifetime, a no holds barred quest to fulfill your every desire. But wait Its not just a job its complete and total check out over a select group of people. In this high tech fast paced rewarding career you not only get to subserviate those around you into whimpering masses, however also get to see your dreams come to fruition through long and complicated acts of deviousness. Beautiful buxom women will flock to you and your new-found power. Youll have confidence, no hear and the perks of dealing harshly with what bugs you will lead you to a life of fulfillment and relief and many nights of peaceful slumber knowing that those who y ou once held in disrespect you now hold in the palm of your hands.What is this hallowed of hallowed jobs that will prove once and for all who is the alpha male? What is this rewarding path that will show you the country and get your demands met at the same time? The push of a button could reap you millions in cash. Leaders will tremble at your name. If you have what it takes an iron fist, a will of steel or even buns of cinnamon, you too can be a part of the booming survey of brand new despots. Act fast, uproot your life and follow these tips, and you too can become AN EVIL OVERLORDGETTING STARTED Lesson one- Do it for yourselfYou may have seen recent movies in which actors have portrayed Evil doctors, leaders, and even flat out thugs. But as all things out of Hollywood, these stories are tainted with the capitalist greed that makes for a good movie. Strangely the very people who are giving us these outlandish characters are the people whom we can turn to for height examples of underhanded dealings and a lack of decency which all-good evil leaders posses. They are right, their characters are wrong.These film villains are always beaten they usually lack an publicise of class, and furthermore are many times out for simple money or a bleeding heart special cause.

Grand Avenue Essay -- essays papers

Grand Avenue In the novel Grand Avenue. Greg Sarris uses the theme thread of poison to connect all of his separate stories about the Toms, a Pomo Indian family. He conjures that the grow of a family are the basis which gives the family its structure, even if those roots are bad. In the Toms family theyre roots were poisoned from the very founding of the family starting with surface-to-air missile Toms. His poison was not the fact that he tried to steal a married woman away, but that he was filled with secrets, deceptions, and self hatred. His family was founded on these poisened roots and passes the poisen down generation after gerneration. The only way to stop the poison, or inner self hatred postn out in other forms, was to let go of past and talk about the secrets and lies. Once a person does this they are able to learn from their mistake , in a sense the chip in free from the poison. If Sam Toms , the founder or root of the family,would stick out broken free of his poisen by talking about his mistake he made, his whole family per haps would have turned out completely different. As a result of his secrets and lies his family was rasied to make the same immoral desisions as he made throughout his life. His family, like Sam, didnt take responcilblity for their mistakes, which spread the poison onto the next generation. Tracing the poison throughout the Toms beginning at the roots, shows just how important the roots indeed are. In the first story, entitled The Magic Pony, one learns about the Man Poison. The story is narrated by Jasmine, who lives with her Auntie Faye Faye tells her daughter Ruby and Jasmine that all men are poisoned because of a mistake from her past She stole her cousin Annas boyfriend Joaquin, by lying t... ...d few such as Anna, Stella, and Alice who broke free of the poison, lived their lives as Sam Toms did who rooted the family. They as he did lied, cheated, manipuled, and kept secrets to try to live a happy life which in actuality their lives were anything but. The strong Toms that broke free of the poison spoke of their problems and took responsibility for them. The rest just followed in their ancestors footsteps and lived unhappy and immoral lives as they did. The Toms family poison connected the whole family, generation after generation together, and helps to seek how important an influential a families roots really are.footsteps and lived unhappy and immoral lives as they did. The Toms family poison connected the whole family, generation after generation together, and helps to prove how important an influential a families roots really are.

Ethical Dilemmas in Psychology Essay -- Psychology

Francis Bacon helped to innovate the new science steering people away from Aristotelian teachings. He helped to bring the scientific method to a place of study from observation and experimentation. He felt that science should be judged by the usefulness of the results (Greenwood, 2009). Bacon projected that many great things powerfulness come out of this empirical approach, solely what has ensued in the centuries that followed, Bacon and others might not have predicted. Since Bacon and others pushed for a more empirical approach, numerous discoveries have been made. During this scientific revolution throughout the 16th century was reason with big advances such(prenominal) as the making of new lenses by Galileo, Kepler and Huygens in the lead to new information about the stars and space, Magellan circumnavigating the earth, Columbus discovering the Americas, Gutenbergs printing press move on literature rapidly, and a religious reformation by Martin Luther that changed the ch urch indefinitely (Graham, 2009). The scientific revolution continued far into the 17th century which was categorized with major(ip) findings in math with Leibnitz and Newton independently discovering Calculus, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek discovered bacteria, William Harvey published his findings on the circulatory system, Newtons laws of motion, and continued work on judgement the universe (Wikipedia endurance for schools 17th century, 2008/9). The eighteenth century saw the invention of the steam engine which opened up the way for steel production, the discovery of photosynthesis, and the whirl jenny leading to the industrial revolution (Wikipedia Selection for schools 18th century, 2008/9). More inventions and discoveries epitomized the 19th century which saw m... ...0062Redlich, A. D. (2007). Double jeopardy in the interrogation fashion for youths with mental illness. American Psychologist. doi10.1037/0003-066X62.6.609Welch, M. (2010). Illusions in truth seeking the perils of interrogation and torture in the war on terror. Social Justice, 37(2/3), 123-148. Retrieved from http//www.socialjusticejournal.org/fliers/37-2-3flier.htmlWikipedia Selection for schools (2008/9). 17th century. Retrieved from http//schools-wikipedia.org/wp/1/17th_century.htmWikipedia Selection for schools (2008/9). 18th century. Retrieved from http//schools-wikipedia.org/wp/1/18th_century.htmWikipedia Selection for schools (2008/9). 19th century. Retrieved from http//schools-wikipedia.org/wp/1/19th_century.htmWikipedia Selection for schools (2008/9). 20th century. Retrieved from http//schools-wikipedia.org/wp/2/20th_century.htm Ethical Dilemmas in Psychology Essay -- Psychology Francis Bacon helped to pioneer the new science steering people away from Aristotelian teachings. He helped to bring the scientific method to a place of learning from observation and experimentation. He felt that science should be judged by the usefulness of the results (Greenwood, 2009) . Bacon projected that many great things might come out of this empirical approach, but what has ensued in the centuries that followed, Bacon and others might not have predicted. Since Bacon and others pushed for a more empirical approach, numerous discoveries have been made. During this scientific revolution throughout the 16th century was categorized with big advances such as the making of new lenses by Galileo, Kepler and Huygens leading to new information about the stars and space, Magellan circumnavigating the earth, Columbus discovering the Americas, Gutenbergs printing press advancing literature rapidly, and a religious reformation by Martin Luther that changed the church indefinitely (Graham, 2009). The scientific revolution continued far into the 17th century which was categorized with major findings in mathematics with Leibnitz and Newton independently discovering Calculus, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek discovered bacteria, William Harvey published his findings on the circula tory system, Newtons laws of motion, and continued work on understanding the universe (Wikipedia Selection for schools 17th century, 2008/9). The 18th century saw the invention of the steam engine which opened up the way for steel production, the discovery of photosynthesis, and the spinning jenny leading to the industrial revolution (Wikipedia Selection for schools 18th century, 2008/9). More inventions and discoveries epitomized the 19th century which saw m... ...0062Redlich, A. D. (2007). Double jeopardy in the interrogation room for youths with mental illness. American Psychologist. doi10.1037/0003-066X62.6.609Welch, M. (2010). Illusions in truth seeking the perils of interrogation and torture in the war on terror. Social Justice, 37(2/3), 123-148. Retrieved from http//www.socialjusticejournal.org/fliers/37-2-3flier.htmlWikipedia Selection for schools (2008/9). 17th century. Retrieved from http//schools-wikipedia.org/wp/1/17th_century.htmWikipedia Selection for schools (200 8/9). 18th century. Retrieved from http//schools-wikipedia.org/wp/1/18th_century.htmWikipedia Selection for schools (2008/9). 19th century. Retrieved from http//schools-wikipedia.org/wp/1/19th_century.htmWikipedia Selection for schools (2008/9). 20th century. Retrieved from http//schools-wikipedia.org/wp/2/20th_century.htm